BMW 3 series E46

Since 1998 of release

Repair and car operation



The BMW of 3 series Е46
+ Cars BMW 3 (Е46)
+ Current leaving and service
+ The engine
+ Systems of cooling, heating
+ Power supply systems, injection and release
- Engine electric equipment
   The general information and security measures
   + System of electronic control by ignition and injection of the petrol engine
   + Ignition system
   + System of preheat of the diesel engine
   - Charge and start systems
      The general information on system
      The battery - the basic data and leaving
      Removal and installation of the storage battery
      Check of the storage battery
      The generator. The general data and security measures
      Removal and generator installation
      Check and replacement of brushes of the generator / of a regulator of pressure
      Removal and installation, starter check
      Removal, installation and check of the traction relay of a starter
+ manual transmission and трансмиссионная a line
+ Automatic transmission
+ Coupling and power shafts
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment
+ Electric equipment schemes





Charge and start systems

The general information on system

All cars considered in a given management have the electric system working with pressure of 12 V.Soedinenie of weight passes through the minus plug of the battery. The battery is in an impellent compartment or a luggage carrier, depending on model.

For engine start the starter is used. The starter switch is a component of the switch of ignition and at inclusion raises the traction relay established on a starter.

The established generator, depending on the engine the calculated demanded maximum current (address to Specifications), is made by firms Bosch or Motorola.

The generator is put in action from коленвала through ridge клиновой a belt. Established on a back cover of the generator the regulator serves for adjustment of a current of a charge.

Built in the panel of devices the lamp of the control of gymnastics specifies in electric equipment excellent job, while a battery charge in norm.

Coal adjournment

Symptoms: soot Presence specifies in reenrichment of a toplivno-air mix or weak intensity of a spark. Causes ignition admissions, complicates start and leads to instability of work of the engine.

Recommendations: whether Check up the air cleaner is hammered, whether fuel level in поплавковой to the chamber is not too high, whether is jammed air заслонка and whether contacts are not too worn out. Try to use candles with longer insulator that raises resistibility to pollution.


Candle normal state

Symptoms: Gray-brown colour and easy deterioration of electrodes. The kalilnoe number of candles corresponds to type of the engine and its general condition.

Recommendations: At replacement of candles establish candles of the same type.


Замасливание

Symptoms: zamaslivanie candles it is caused by deterioration маслоотражательных caps. Oil gets to the combustion chamber through worn out directing valves or piston rings. Causes ignition admissions, complicates start and leads to instability of work of the engine.

Recommendations: Make a mechanical recovery work and replace candles.


Пеплообразование

Symptoms: Soft brownish colour of adjournment on one or both electrodes of a candle. A source of their formation are applied additives to oil and-or fuel. Excessive accumulation can lead to isolation of electrodes and cause admissions of ignition and astable work of the engine at acceleration.

Recommendations: At fast accumulation of adjournment change маслоотражательные caps that will prevent oil hit in combustion chambers. Try to replace fuel mark.


Overheat

Symptoms: the Porous, white insulator, erosion of electrodes and absence of any adjournment. Leads to reduction of service life of a candle.

Recommendations: whether Check up corresponds to requirements of Specifications калильное number of the established candles, whether the corner of an advancing of ignition is correctly exposed, whether too poor toplivno-air mix moves, whether there are no leaks of vacuum of the inlet pipeline and whether valves are jammed. Check up as level of a cooler and whether the radiator is corked.


Deterioration

Symptoms: the Rounding off of electrodes with a small congestion of adjournment on the working end. Colour normal. Leads to difficulty of start of the engine in cold damp weather and to increase of the expense of fuel.

Recommendations: Change candles on new, the same type.


Too early ignition

Symptoms: Electrodes are melted off. The insulator has white colour, but can be and is polluted owing to admissions of ignition or hit in chambers of combustion of extraneous particles. Can lead to an engine exit out of operation.

Recommendations: Check up калильное number of the established candles, a corner of an advancing of ignition, quality of a mix (whether it is not too impoverished), whether the system of cooling is corked and whether the greasing system normally functions.


Detonation

Symptoms: Insulators can appear chopped off or треснутыми. The inaccurate technics of adjustment of a candle backlash can result In insulator damage also. Can lead to damage of pistons.


Electrospending luster

Symptoms: the Insulator has yellowish colour and the polished kind. Speaks about sudden rise in temperature in combustion chambers at sharp acceleration. Usual adjournment are thus melted off, taking a form of a varnish covering. Leads to ignition admissions at high speeds of movement.

Recommendations: Replace candles (colder, at preservation of a manner of driving).


Забрызгивание

Symptoms: After admissions of ignition during a long time interval of adjournment can be loosened at preservation of working temperature in the combustion chamber. At high speeds of adjournment in flakes come off the piston and stick to a hot insulator, causing ignition admissions.

Recommendations: Replace candles or smooth out and establish into place the old.


Short circuit of electrodes

Symptoms: the Waste of products of combustion gets to interelectrode space. Firm adjournment accumulate, forming a crosspiece between electrodes. Leads to ignition refusal in the cylinder.

Recommendations: Remove adjournment from interelectrode space.


Mechanical damages

Symptoms: Can be caused hit of extraneous materials in the chamber of combustion or arise at piston blow about too long candle. Lead to refusal of functioning of the cylinder and to piston damage.

Recommendations: Remove from the engine extraneous particles and-or replace.